Type of Taxes in India.

Taxation in India is very complex and high rates. I here brief of all taxes in simple manner. In India many taxes levied on many different income and transaction. but we can divide all taxes in following two broad category

1. Direct Tax
2. Indirect Tax.

Why does a computer understand only binary form?

Because a Computer is an Electronic Device and its main component is called a "transistor". There are capacitors and resistors and diodes and transformers etc., but the transistor is what makes small computers possible.

A transistor basically either allows current to flow or doesn't depending on what input it receives at its base. More simply, the transistor is either ON (1) or OFF (0). Since there are only two states, a base-two or binary number system makes the most sense.

Also, the RAM, which runs on latch circuits (and/or J-K flip-flops), can also have only current (1) or no current (0) at each address (or area of memory).

So, if the value of a variable (area in memory that contains a value) is equal to 6, this can be represented by the state of 3 transistors. The first is on (1), the second is on (1), and the third is off (0). As a number this would appear: - 110

It would be wrong to say the computer only reads the electronic signal. They are only ON or OFF. We transforming is to “1” for “ON” and “0” for “OFF” for our Convenient.

So it’s purely a matter of convenience.

What is a Computer Language

A programming language is an artificial language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer. Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the behavior of a machine and/or to express algorithms precisely.

A programming language is a notation for writing programs, which are specifications of a computation or algorithm. Some, but not all, authors restrict the term "programming language" to those languages that can express all possible algorithms. Traits often considered important for what constitutes a programming language include:

Type of Operating Systems:

We can define four common Type of Operating systems according its functionality.

• Batch Processing System
• Multiprogramming System
• Multi Tasking / Time Sharing System
• Real Time System

 We can also Classified Operating System in following Two Type.

• Single Users Systems
•  Multi users System

Batch Processing System :
In Batch processing same type 

What is Operating System?

Operating System is a System Software.  So Many People give many own views regarding Operating System. They all views Define the Operating System Like:

“Operating System Consist of Program and Data that run on Computer, Manage Computer Hardware.”

“Operating System enables the Computer Hardware to Communicate and Operate with the Computer Software.”

Data Mining

Data mining methodologies have been widely adopted in various business domains, such as database marketing, credit scoring, fraud detection, to name only a few of the areas where data mining has become an indispensable tool for business success. Increasingly data mining methods are also being applied to industrial process optimization and control. While the general approach is similar regardless of application (finding "nuggets" of new information in data), some specific methodologies and techniques for optimizing continuous processes, such as boiler performance in a coal-burning power plant, have proven particularly useful for those applications, and superior to existing traditional analytic approaches such as DOE (design of experiments), CFD (computational fluid dynamics), or statistical modeling. This paper will provide an introduction to data mining, and specifically contrast the methods used in data mining with traditional optimization techniques.

WHAT IS CRYPTOGRAPHY

Everyone has secrets; some have more than others. When it becomes necessary to transmit those secrets from one point to another, it's important to protect the information while it's in transit. Cryptography presents various methods for taking legible, readable data, and transforming it into unreadable data for the purpose of secure transmission, and then using a key to transform it back into readable data when it reaches its destination.

Predating computers by thousands of years, cryptography has its roots in basic transposition ciphers, which assigns each letter of the alphabet a particular value. A simple example is to assign each letter a progressively higher number, where A=1, B=2, and so forth. Using this formula for example, the word "wise GEEK", once encrypted, would read "23 9 19 5 7 5 5 11". During World War Two, machines were invented that made the ciphers more complicated and difficult to break, and today, computers have made cryptography even stronger still.

Importance of IT in Commerce

Importance of IT in Commerce

While we are taking about Importance of it in Commerce. So First we need that we fully Understand with IT and Commerce. After that we easily determine importance of IT in Commerce.

What Is IT

IT stands for Information Technology. Information Technology is the use of computers and software to manage information. In some companies, this is referred to as Management Information Services (or MIS) or simply as Information Services (or IS). The information technology department of a large company would be responsible for storing information, protecting information, processing the information, transmitting the information as necessary,

What is An Artificial Intelligence

“Artificial Intelligence is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. It is related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable. The term was coined in 1956 by John McCarthy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. “

Artificial intelligence includes

What Is An Application

First, this is necessary, we known that what is program and Software. In Easy way we can say. Group of instruction called as a Program. And group of program is called as Software.

Software Defines in Two Categories.

1- System Software

2- Application Software

What is an Algorithm

We can give a Simple informal definition of an algorithm as "a set of instructions for solving a problem" and we illustrated this definition with a recipe, directions to a friend's house, and instructions for changing the oil in a car engine. You also created your own algorithm for putting letters and numbers in order. While these simple algorithms are fine for us, they are much too ambiguous for a computer. In order for an algorithm to be applicable to a computer, it must have certain characteristics.

Fields in Computer Science

Computer science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation, and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems. It is frequently described as the systematic study of algorithmic processes that create, describe and transform information. According to Peter J. Denning, the fundamental question underlying computer science is, "What can be (efficiently) automated?" Computer science has many sub-fields; some, such as computer graphics, emphasize the computation of specific results, while others, such as computational complexity theory, study the properties of computational problems. Still others focus on the challenges in implementing computations.

What Is The Importance Of Computers In Our Daily Lives?

Computers today are one of the important things we are using. They have helped a lot in compiling a lot data which used to be in hard records. One of the uses or benefits of computers is that they are able to provide and retrieve information so quickly so they have increased the pace of our work. The increase in the speed of work has helped us to do many things with less resources like in past a lot of manpower was used for record keeping and files and other things were made to keep the records saved.

Uses Of Computer

What is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic device, which executes software programs. It consists of 2 parts-hardware and software . The computer processes input through input devices like mouse and keyboard. The computer displays output through output devices like color monitor and printer. The size of a computer varies considerably from very small to very big. The speed of computers also has a very large range. Computers have become indispensable in today’s world. Millions of people use computers all over the world.